Hydraulic jet-pump.



G. W. CHRISTIANSl HYDRAULICJET PUMP. v

` APPLICATIONNHLED nam/25,1916.

Patented June 11, N18.

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APPLICATION FILED IIIAY 25. l9l6^ mama June 11, 1918.

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m M M M n. m m T A UNI @FATF ANT GEORGE W. CHRISTIANS, 0F CHATTANOOGA, TENNESSEE.

HYDRAULIC JET-PUMP.

Application filed May 25, 1916.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE V. CHR1s- TIANs, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chattanooga, in the county of Hamilton and State of Tennessee, have invented certain new and useful Improve` ments in Hydraulic Jet-Pumps, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to a hydraulic jet pump which utilizes the tendency of a stream or jet of iuid to drive or carry contiguous particles of liuid along with it.

A most important object of the present invention resides in providing a pump of the foregoing class which embodies means to control or eliminate eddies adjacent the mouth of the nozzle which tend to create the back pressure which renders inelcient the most common types of hydraulic jet pumps.

Anotherv object resides in providing 'a nozzle having a sectional area of substantially the form of a hollow 'rectangular cross and wherein the suction line communicates with the channels on the exterior of j the nozzle body and which are formed by reason of its novel shape.

A further object resides in providing a tube which increases in cross-sectional area toward the discharge end whereby the back pressure is reduced to a minimum. aving in mind the above and other objects which will hereinafter appear I will now proceed to describe a specific embodiment by way of illustrating the principles of the invention and which I have shown in the accompanying drawing wherein:

In the drawings:

Figure 1 illustrates a cross-section of a concrete bay in which the pump is located,

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal control section in a vertical plane through the nozzle and a portion of the tube.

Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Fig.

Fig. 1 is an end view of the nozzle and its casing; and

Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 2.

In detail:

The pump is located in the artificial bay A of concrete construction or the like and which has a head-water entrance 1 covered by the grating 2 and a tail raceway 3.

Entering the bay A is a suction line 4 from the waste sump or the like of a power- Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 11, 1913. Serial No. 99,786.

house and having a riser 5 within the bay A. Connected with the riser 5 is a valve 6, which may be either of the gate or check type, in the latter case opening away from the suction line i so as to prevent return therethrough. Connected with the valve G is a special T 7 which forms the casing for the nozzle, to be hereinafter described, and on the discharge side the sections 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 of gradually increasing diameter in the order named from the discharge length of the tube, and the section 12 is directed upwardly so that its discharge orifice enters the tail race 3.

On the other side of the T 7 the head 14E of the nozzle is connected with the said T and positioned intermediate the T and a valve 15 also of either the gate or check type and in the latter case opening toward the discharge. A member 16 having a flarino inlet orifice completes the tube.

he T 7 and also an intermediate section j, 17 are 0f special construction to house the nozzle and baiiies to be presently described.

The nozzle is provided with a head and a body 18 which latter, throughout its length is hollow and of rectangular cross'- shape in section and so formed that while its dimensions are substantially the same in length and breadth throughout its body yet the internal passages 19, 20, 21 and 22 are tapered in area toward the head whereas the external passages 23 which communicate with the suction line are conversely tapered, thus giving a comparatively large area of contact between the flow through the nozzle and the flow of the suction line. The special fitting 17 is provided on its interior with a tapered ring 24 abutting the end of the nozzle as shown in Fig. 2. The fitting 17 is provided with circumferentially extending recesses 25 which have bearings 26 journaling pintles 27 upon which swing triangular baffles 28, 29, 30 and 31 located adjacent the channels 23 and serving to control the eddies tending to create a back pressure at the mouth of the nozzle and suction line.

The upper baffles 28, and 29, and also the lower baffles 30, and 31, in the closed position shown in Fig. 2, abut the wall 32; and the lower baiiies 30 and 31 diifer from the baiiies 28 and 29 in that the said lower baiiles have air chambers 33 reinforced by screws 34 and are thereby rendered buoy ant. The bearings 26 are made adjustable so that the baffles and their pivots or pintles 27 may be moved bodily toward or away from the discharge of the nozzle.

The operation is as follows: When it is desired to draw fluid through the suction line -t the valve 'l5 is opened as is also the valve in the suction line and the flow of fluid through the nozzle creates a suction and hence induces a flow in the said suction line thereby drawing a contiguous stream therefrom. When such flow is taking place the natural tendencies and inf1u ences create eddies adjacent the stream from the nozzle which would tend to diminish the eiiiciency of the jet. Therefore the baffles 29 and 31 come into play and, by reason ofA their construction and location7 automati cally adjust themselves to the conditions under which the jet is working.

In starting the jet the normal back pressure is very low and hence the battles open wide and permit flow through the entire area of the channels 23; however, as the back pressure increases eddies are formed which tend to create a backward flow at points not adjacent the nozzle stream and the bailles adjust themselves according to the dierence in pressure between the backward iiowing portions of the stream and the discharge and are thereby so balanced as to counteract the eddies.

While in the foregoing, I have described a specific embodiment of the present invention it is nevertheless to be understood that, in practice, I may resort to such modiications as fall within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

I claim#- 1. The combination in a jet pump of a T of substantially the same diameter throughout its length, a nozzle arranged within said T and provided with a cross shaped passage which decreases in area toward its discharge, channels formed by the arms of the cross on the exterior of the nozzle and increasing in area toward the discharge, a suction line leading into said T for conveying the material to the T, which is drawn through the T by a stream passing through said nozzle, a pipe section secured to the outlet end of the T and provided with an inwardly tapered ring for directing the material passing through the nozzle and T toward the axis of the pipe section, and battles arranged in said pipe section directly in front of the channels and out of line with the :nozzle passage.

2. The combination in a jet pump of a T of substantially the same diameter throughout its length, a nozzle arranged within said T and provided with a cross shaped passage which decreases in area toward its discharge, channels formed by the arms of the cross on the exterior of the nozzle and increasing in area toward the discharge, a suction line leading into said T for conveying the material to the T, which is drawn through the T by a stream passing through said nozzle, a pipe section secured to the outlet end of the T and provided with an inwardly tapered ring for directing the material passing through the nozzle and T toward the axis of theV pipe section, and swinging baffles arranged in said pipe section directly in front of the channels and out of line with the nozzle passage.

3. The combination in a jet pump of a T of substantially the same diameter throughout its length, a nozzle arranged within said T and provided with a cross shaped passage which decreases in area toward its discharge, channels formed by the arms of the cross on the exterior of the nozzle and increasing in area toward the discharge, a suction line leading into said T for conveying the material to the T, which is drawn through the T by a stream passing through said nozzle, and baffles arranged in front of the channels and out of line with the nozzle passage.

l. A jet pump comprising a T of substantially the same diameter throughout its length and having inlet and discharge orilices, a nozzle arranged within said T and having a cross-shaped passage of decreasing cross-sectional area toward the discharge thereof, channels formed in the exterior of said nozzle by the arms of said cross and increasing in area toward the discharge end of the nozzle, a suction line leading into said T intermediate the ends of the same, a pipe section secured to the outlet end of the T and provided with an inwardly tapered wall for directing the material passing through the pipe section toward the axis of the same, and automatically adjustable batlies arranged in said pipe section in front of the nozzle channels.

5. The combination in a hydraulic jet pump of a tube having inflow and outiiow orifices, a suction line leading into said tube intermediate the said orifices, a nozzle substantially cross-shape in section and directed toward the discharge orifice and of decreasing cross-sectional area toward the discharge thereof and the said suction line communieating with the channels formed on the exterior thereof whereby fluid passing through said nozzle induces a contiguous flow from said suction line, and buoyant baiile means to control eddies tending to create back pressure.

6. The combination in a hydraulic jet pump of a tube having inflow and outflow orifices, a suction line leading into said tube intermediate the said orifices, a nozzle substantially cross-shape in section and directed toward the discharge orifice and of decreasing cross-sectional area toward the discharge thereof and the said suction line communicating with the channels formed on the exterior thereof whereby Huid passing fixed my signature in the presence of tWo hrough said dnozzle induces a contiguous subscribing Witnesses.

ow from sai suction line, and automatically adjustable baiie means located at the GEORGE W' CHRISTIANS' 5 discharge ends of said channels to control Witnesses:

eddies tending to create back pressure. WALLACE C. BATHMAN,

In testimony whereof I have hereunto af- F. J. HOWARD.

Copies o'f this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, D. C. 

